Which substance abuse is associated with respiratory depression?

Alcohol is associated with respiratory depression due to its central nervous system depressant properties. When consumed in significant amounts, alcohol can inhibit the brain’s ability to regulate breathing, leading to slower and shallower respirations. This risk is particularly heightened when alcohol is combined with other depressants, such as opioids, which can further exacerbate respiratory depression.

In the context of substance use, the effects of alcohol can vary based on the amount consumed, as well as individual tolerance levels. In severe cases of alcohol intoxication, respiratory depression can become critical, resulting in dangerous drops in oxygen levels and potentially leading to respiratory failure.

Cocaine, caffeine, and marijuana do not primarily cause respiratory depression. Cocaine is a stimulant that can lead to increased heart rate and respiratory rate, while caffeine, also a stimulant, may have similar effects. Marijuana can have variable effects on respiration, but it is not typically associated with significant respiratory depression in the same way that alcohol is.