What is the primary function of fibroblasts during the proliferation phase of wound healing?

Fibroblasts play a crucial role in the proliferation phase of wound healing primarily through the production of the extracellular matrix (ECM). During this phase, fibroblasts are activated to migrate to the wound site, where they synthesize and secrete components such as collagen, elastin, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans that make up the ECM. This matrix provides structural support to the new tissue and is essential for cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation.

The ECM not only aids in wound strength but also creates a scaffold for new cells, facilitating the healing process. As fibroblasts produce more extracellular matrix, it contributes to the granulation tissue formation, which is critical for the transition from the inflammatory phase to the proliferation phase of healing. This process ensures that new tissue can form properly and allows for subsequent remodeling, which takes place in the later stages of healing.